This new arms race promises to upend strategic calculations. "National pride is at stake."Ĭhina has flaunted its hypersonic prowess, including the Dongfeng-17 hypersonic glider, seen in a military parade last year. "It's a race to the Moon sort of thing," says Iain Boyd, an aerospace engineer at the University of Colorado, Boulder. The United States, meanwhile, is testing several hypersonic weapons. China showed off a rocket-boosted hypersonic glide vehicle (HGV) of its own, the Dongfeng-17, in a recent military parade. Russia recently unveiled a weapon called the Kinzhal, said to reach Mach 10 under its own power, and another that is boosted by a rocket to an astonishing Mach 27. Although hype and secrecy muddy the picture, all three nations appear to have made substantial progress in overcoming key obstacles, such as protecting hypersonic craft from savage frictional heating. Competition from ambitious programs in China and Russia is a key motivator. Now, DOD is leading a new charge, pouring more than $1 billion annually into hypersonic research. "The community was underfunded and largely forgotten for many years," adds Daniel DeLaurentis, director of Purdue University's Institute for Global Security and Defense Innovation. "You see a flurry of activity, a lot of investment, and then we conclude it's a bridge too far," says aerospace engineer Mark Lewis, director of defense research and engineering for modernization at the U.S. Since the dawn of the Cold War, the Pentagon has periodically thrown its weight behind the development of maneuverable hypersonic weapons, only to shy away when technological hurdles such as propulsion, control, and heat resistance proved daunting. In contrast, hypersonic weapons such as China's waverider maneuver aerodynamically, enabling them to dodge defenses and keep an adversary guessing about the target. But because they arc along a predictable ballistic path, like a bullet, they lack the element of surprise. Intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) meet that definition when they re-enter the atmosphere from space. military-and its adversaries-have coveted missiles that travel at hypersonic speed, generally defined as Mach 5 or greater. (China did not release any video footage.) The HCM's speed and maneuverability, crowed the Communist Party's Global Times, would enable the new weapon to "break through any current generation anti-missile defense system."įor decades, the U.S. At least that's how the weapon's developer, the China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics, described the August 2018 test. Coasting along at up to Mach 6, or six times the speed of sound, the Xingkong-2 "waverider" hypersonic cruise missile (HCM) bobbed and weaved through the stratosphere, surfing on its own shock waves.
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